Biocoenosis adalah jurnal ilmiah Biologi dan Biologi Terapan, yang memuat artikel ilmiah dan terbit dua kali dalam setahun, yaitu pada bulan April dan Oktober. Biocoenosis terdiri dari dua kata, bios berarti hidup, dan kinos berarti kumpulan, sehingga biocoenosis dapat diartikan sebagai kumpulan organisme hidup, tumbuh dan berkembang biak disuatu lingkungan yang sama. Berangkat dari arti kata ini, maka Program Studi Biologi membuat jurnal dengan nama biocoenosis karena ilmu biologi mencakup semua aspek makluk hidup yang mendiami suatu ekosistem. Biocoenosis diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira Kupang. Biocoenosis menyediakan informasi tentang kajian-kajian ilmiah ilmu biologi maupun biologi terapan dalam menjawab fenomena terkait keanekaragaman hayati. Informasi-informasi dalam biocoenosis dapat diakses secara terbuka untuk publik dan menjadi media pertukaran ilmu pengetahuan.
Program Studi Biologi Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira
Keanekaragaman Arthropoda Tanah Pada Ekosistem Pertanian Dan Ekosistem Cemara Laut (Casuarina Equisetifolia Var. Incana) Di Desa Umatoos Kabupaten Malaka, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Arthropoda tanah berperan penting sebagai dekomposer, polinator, predator, parasitoid, pendaur ulang unsur hara tanah, serta sering digunakan sebagai indikator kualitas tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat keanekaragaman Arthropoda tanah pada ekosistem pertanian dan ekosistem cemara laut (Casuarina equisetifolia var. incana) di Desa Umatoos, Kabupaten Malaka. Metode yang digunakan yaitu kuadran dengan ukuran 5m x 5m sedangkan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik pittflal trap yang dilakukan pada 6 stasiun pengamatan. Secara keseluruhan didapatkan 94 spesies Arthropoda tanah yang tergolong dalam 48 famili dan 15 ordo. Pada ekosistem pertanian ditemukan 59 spesies, 32 famili, dan 11 ordo sedangkan pada ekosistem cemara laut ditemukan 50 spesies, 27 famili, dan 10 ordo. Rata-rata indeks keanekaragaman pada setiap stasiun menunjukan bahwa ekosistem pertanian memiliki tingkat keanekaragaman rendah (H’=1,838) sedangkan ekosistem cemara laut memiliki tingkat keanekaragaman sedang (H’=2,130). Rata-rata indeks kekayaan ekosistem pertanian tergolong sedang (3,5<Dmg<5) sedangkan ekosistem cemara laut tergolong tinggi (Dmg>5). Indeks kemerataan kedua ekosistem menunjukan penyebaran secara merata sedangkan indeks kesamaan jenis Jaccard antar stasiun pada setiap ekosistem tergolong cukup baik (Cj mendekati 1). Kedepan perlu dilakukan penelitian secara berkala untuk mendapatkan spesies terbaik sebagai bioindikator terhadap keseimbangan kedua ekosistem.
Copyright (c) 2022 Maria Rosalinda Nahak, Stefanus Stanis, Chatarina Gradict Semiun
Populasi Dan Pola Perilaku Primata Dikawasan Hutan Wisata Gua Monyet Tenau, Sebagai Potensi Wisata Pesisir Di Kota Kupang NTT
Penelitian ini merupakan studi perlaku dari M. fascicularis di Hutan Wisata Gua Monyet Tenau Kupang yang meliputi seluruh habitat M. fascicularis. Studi perilaku berkaitan dengan aktivitas harian, perilaku makan, perilaku reproduksi. Studi populasi berkaitan dengan pertumbuhan populasi M.fascicularis dan studi potensi pariwisata berkaitan dengan daya tarik hewan tersebut sebagai objek wisata. Metode sampling primata, digunakan untuk mengetahui kondisi populasi primata dalam hal ini monyet ekor panjang, dengan melakukan inventarisasi jenis, mengetahui pola aktivitas dan ukuran populasi jenis. Daya tarik wisata dilakukan dengan analisis deskripsi sisi penawaran terhadap objek wisata yang ada baik itu monyet ekor panjang maupun hutan dan dilakukan wawancara terhadap pengunjung secara acak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi dari monyet ekor panjang M.fascicularis di hutan wisata ini memiliki pola pertumbuhan yang cendrung lambat karena struktur populasinya didominasi oleh hewan tua. Jumlah populasi tergolong kecil 184 ekor/ha dengan kerapatan 0,0046 induvidu/m2. Perilaku yang ditunjukkan merupakan perilaku stereotipe yang hampir dimiliki oleh semua monyet ekor panjang diberbagai belahan dunia, itu berarti tidak ada pengaruh habitat terhadap perilaku monyet ekor panjang. Monyet ekor panjang ini memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai objek wisata karena habitat yang ditempati merupakan hutan wisata yang merupakan bagian dari ekosistem pesisir, sehingga memungkinkan dikembangkan berbagai atraksi dari perilaku monyet yang dapat dijadikan hiburan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kawasan hutan wisata gua monyet memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi objek wisata dengan mengandalkan monyet dan panorama sebagai daya tarik wisata dengan memperhatikan konservasi.
The Effect of the Infestation of the Psyllid (Heteropsylla cubana) in the Production of the Farming System in Two Villages Having Different Inttesity of Leucaena Use
A comparative study of the effect of psyllid Heteropsylla cubana infestaton of Leucaena leucocephala on the production of two farming system was conducted. In the village Pakubaun Leucaena leucocephala was used as the main source of foder to fatten cutter in cut and carry system, while in the village of Pollo farmers used Leucaena leucocephala as the feed suplemen. A sample of about 10% of farmers livestock producer were used as respondents to quistionnaire on catle and maize production.the results were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed ranked test. The results show the psyllid investation has bad a devastating effect on production of the Leucaena leucocephala on cutle production component of the farming system. The production of maize was also adversely affected. In the village Pakubaun were Leucaena leucocephala dominates the farming the farming system the number of cattle increased from about 6 months to 12 months. In the Pollo villages were Leucaena leucocephala as a supplement. The number of cattle fed fell from 4.5 to 3.5 per family following the psyllid attack while taken to fatten cattle increasedabout 8.5 moths to 10 months. The production of maize also fell 0.677 tonne to 0.657 in Pakubaun and from 0.555 tonne to 0.524 tonne in the village of Pollo.
Pengaruh Antropogenik Terhadap Keanekaragaman Spesies Tumbuhan Berkayu di Taman Wisata Alam Camplong, Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Kawasan Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Camplong menyediakan berbagai jasa lingkungan, namun keberadaan TWA Camplong tidak luput dari gangguan antropogenik seperti penebangan kayu, pengambilan kayu bakar, pengambilan tumbuhan obat-obatan, dan kegiatan hewan peliharaan masyarakat. Praktik seperti ini berdampak pada kestabilan ekosistem dalam bentuk penurunan keanekaragaman hayati kawasan, dan mendorong suatu kajian terhadap hubungan antara faktor antropogenik (bekas penebangan dan kotoran hewan) dengan keanekaragaman spesies tumbuhan berkayu di TWA Camplong. Dengan menggunakan jalan sebagai gradien utama dan melalui suatu pemeriksaan lokasi, dipilih sebagai blok penelitian pada sisi kiri dan kanan jalan untuk menarik suatu transek tegak lurus dan sejajar gradien jalan ± 300 m dan dibagi ke dalam interval 30 titik sabuk dengan ukuran masing-masing 10 m x 10 m. Pada transek sejajar, ditarik garis tegak lurus transek tegak lurus gradien jalan ± 50 m yang dibagi ke dalam 5 titik sabuk 10 m x 10 m dan sebagai sabuk pengamatan ditarik satu secara acak, sehingga diperoleh 30 sabuk pengamatan. Pengumpulan data tumbuhan dan faktor antropogenik dilakukan di setiap sabuk pengamatan. Data kekayaan dan jumlah individu setiap spesies digunakan untuk menghitung indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik regresi liniear berganda dengan taraf signifikansi 5% ( = 0,05). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa bekas tebangan dan kotoran hewan tidak berpengaruh terhadap keanekaragaman spesies tumbuhan berkayu di TWA Camplong. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah ada banyak faktor lain yang lebih berkinerja menjelaskan kinerja keanekaragaman spesies tumbuhan berkayu di TWA Camplong.
Copyright (c) 2022 Leonardus Banilodu, Magdalena Sureni Bugis
Perbandingan Ukuran Tubuh Karkas dan Non Karkas Anak Ayam Kampung Umur 8-10 Minggu Di Kota Kupang
Ayam kampung merupakan ayam hasil domestikasi ayam hutan yang kehidupannya sudah lekat dengan masyarakat di Indonesia. Kondisi yang ada terkait dengan masalah utama dalam pengembangan ayam kampung adalah rendahnya produktifitas. Pelestarian keragaman genetik ternak diperlukan dalam upaya mempertahankan sifat-sifat khas ternak yang dapat dimanfaatkan di masa mendatang. Salah satu cara identifikasi sederhana keragaman genetik ayam kampung adalah pengukuran morfologi dari tiap jenis ayam kampung. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan ukuran tubuh Krakas dan non krakas anak ayam kampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi langsung dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 30 ekor anak ayam kampung umur 8-10 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa adanya perbedaan antara berat badan dan ukuran tubuh anak ayam kampus karkas dan non karkas. Rataan berat badan non karkas adalah 195 gram sedangkan berat badan karkas adalah 175 g. rataan tinggi dan panjang badan non karkas dan karkas anak ayam kampung adalah 23±21cm dan 21±16cm. Selanjutnya tidak ada perbedaan pada panjang sayap anak ayam kampung yaitu 18 cm baik pada karkas dan non karkas.
Copyright (c) 2022 Eufrasia Lengur, Yoseph M. Laynurak
The Effect Of Bamboo Shoot Liquid Organic Fertilizer To The Growth Of Lecttuce (Lactuca sativa L.)
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a horticultural crop that has a high selling value because of its high nutritional content, making this plant the potential to continue to be cultivated. This study aims to find out how the growth response of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) was given bamboo shoot liquid organic fertilizer (PUREM) with different concentrations and to find out the best concentration of purem on the growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). The method used in this study was an experimental method using a randomized block design (CRD) with treatment 1 = control (without purem), treatment 2 = 25 mL purem, treatment 3 = 50 mL purem, treatment 4 = 75 mL purem, treatment 5 = 100 mL purem. The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA analysis of variance and then a follow-up test was carried out with the LSD (Least Significant Different) test at the 5% level. Parameters with the average value and the overall treatment value of each observed repetition included plant height, number of leaves and wet weight. Based on the results of the research, giving purem to the measurement parameters had a significant effect on plant height, number of leaves and wet weight. Fertilizer application in treatment 5 with a concentration of 100 mL purem had a significant effect on increasing plant height growth with an average lettuce plant height of 30 cm, 70 leaves and 85 grams of wet weight.
PLANKTON ABUNDANCE IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND INJECTION PLANT WELL OIL PRODUCTION TLJ-236 DESA TALANG BALAI MUARA ENIM DISTRICT
Wastewater Treatment and Injection Plants are produced water treatment ponds produced by production wells to meet quality standards for reinjection to injection wells. One indicator to determine water quality in WTIP can be seen from the abundance of plankton found. Analysis of plankton abundance in WTIP Oil Production Well Tlj-236 Talang Balai Village Muara Enim Regency was conducted in March 2016. The purpose of this study was (1) to find out how the abundance of plankton in WTIP Oil Production Well Tlj-236 Talang Balai Desa Muara Enim. This study uses a purposive random sampling method, quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis consisting of 4 stations and 3 replications. The results of the study (1) were found as many as 29 plankton genera consisting of 5 phytoplankton classes, namely Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Dinophyceae, Euglenophyceae and 3 zooplankton phyla, namely Protozoa, Rotifera, and Arthropods. The average abundance of phytoplankton in Stations I, II, III and IV is low, namely 1.2 ind / L, 4 ind / L, 43.2 Ind / L and 62.4 ind / L, the abundance of zooplankton at Stations I, II , III, and IV are classified as low, namely 0 ind / L, 0 ind / L, 2 ind / L and 4.4 ind / L.
wastewater treatment and injection plant
POLA PENANGANAN KUANTITAS AIR DENGAN SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN PADI (Oryza sativa )
System of rice intensification (SRI) is one method to overcome water shortages and can increase rice growth. Rice plants in general really need water for growth, one of which is using the SRI method. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of water discharge on rice growth in Haekto Village, North Central Timor Regency. The method used in this study is the observation method, in the research area 4 experimental plots measuring 3x4m were carried out. The data collection technique used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The results showed that 2cm high standing water in SRI plots couid increase rice growth at 21 days after planting with a plant height of 39.81cm while the number of leaves was 46,2cm and the number of tillers was 26,58 stems with a water requirement of 345,12 /dt. While in ordinary plots 5cm water puddle height can increase rice growth and has a significant effect treatment with the water requirement of 391,56/dt. This shows that the water demand in the SRI plots is lower than the regular plots.
Escherichia coli Bacterial Contamination Test On Snacks For School Children At Tulamalae Inpres Elementary School, Belu Regency
School Children's Snack Food (PJAS) is food that is found in the school environment and is routinely consumed by school children. It is expected that the School Children's Snack Food (PJAS) fulfills the requirements, namely the absence of biological contamination, both originating from the environment, food ingredients, people (food handlers), place and equipment. One of the biological contamination is contamination caused by Escherichia coli bacteria. The purpose of this study was: to determine the contamination of Escherichia coli bacteria in school children's snacks sold at SD Inpres Tulamalae. The method used is direct observation of the condition of the canteen and the environment around SD Inpres Tulamalae and food handlers around the SD to obtain Escherichia coli data, the test was carried out using the MPN (Most Probable Number) method with a series of 3 tubes. The results showed that in the presumption test all the tubes were positive tubes were marked by the presence of gas bubbles in the Durham tube and turbidy occurred in LB (Lactose Broth) media, all that tested positive were folloerd by a confirmation test, in the confirmation test all negative tubes were marked with no there were gas bubbles in the Durham tube and no turbidity in BGLB (Briliant Green Lactose Bile Broth) media with an MPN value of 0/100 ml.
UJI SITOTOKSISITAS EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG KALISO SEBAGAI ANTIKANKER TERHADAP LARVA UDANG (Artemia salina, Leach)
Cancer is a word that gives the impression to mind everyone will be a terrible pain. In fact, among patients and their families, the diagnosis of cancer is a death sentence, even though not always the case. Until now it is not certain single factor that causes cancer. But some experts agree that cancer is caused by many factors (multifactorial). Based on data from the Ministry of Health (Riskesdas) in 2008, the prevalence of cancer in Indonesia is 4.3 per 1,000 inhabitants. An estimated 12 million people per year affected by cancer. To reduce the cancer patients, the treatment. One alternative, namely the use of natural resources, especially herbs. Kaliso plant (Macaranga tanarius,L) is one of the plants used as traditional medicines. Previous research kaliso bark extract (Macaranga tanarius,L)-capable as an antibacterial, because they contain tannin compounds that act as antioxidants and have effect as a drug. Is kaliso bark extract (Macaranga tanarius, L) has as an anticancer effect against larvae shrimp (Artemia salina,Leach) in vivo? and whether to use a different solvent (ethylacetate, hexane, methanol) extracts of the bark kaliso (Macaranga tanarius,L) gives a different? For that need to be investigated by an early stage cytotoxicity test or preliminary tests on shrimp larvae (Artemia salin Leah) in vivo. This study purpose to determine the ability of the stem bark extract kaliso (Macaranga tanarius, L) as an anticancer against shrimp larvae (Artemia salina, Leach) in vivo, and to determine the ability of the stem bark extract kaliso (Macaranga tanarius,L) using three solvents (ethylacetate, hexane, methanol) isdifferent.
Skin Extract Stem Kaliso (Macaranga tanarius,L).
UJI ANGKA KAPANG KHAMIR (AKK) PADA SAMPEL UBI GAPLEK (Manihot esculenta) DARI KABUPATEN BELU DAN ENDE
Ubi gaplek (Manihot esculenta) is a processed product of cassava which is obtained from the tubers being peeled and split lengthwise into two or four parts then dried in the sun until dry. Molds and yeasts are microorganisms that can contaminate a product, both food and drink. People really like various types of food, but don't pay attention to the quality of the food itself. Many cases of foodborne illness result from consuming dangerous foods, such as food contaminated by natural toxins (poisonous mold, moldy food). Food safety efforts are very necessary to protect the public from food that does not achieve quality requirements. Yeast Mold Number Test (AKK) is one of the parameters for food product quality requirements. This research was conducted to determine the number of yeast molds on cassava potatoes in Belu Regency and Ende Regency. AKK research on cassava sweet potato samples was carried out in accordance with the provisions of BPOM regulation No. 13 of 2019 using the cup counting method. Testing yeast mold numbers using PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) media. The test results for yeast mold numbers on cassava sweet potato samples were above 102 colonies/g. According to BPOM regulation No. 13 of 2019, the quality requirement for yeast mold numbers is 102 colonies/g so it can be concluded that uncooked cassava potatoes from Belu Regency and Ende Regency did not achieve the requirements of BPOM regulation No. 13 of 2019.
Comparison of Blood and Urine Sample Examinations in Patients at Lamaddukkelleng Sengkang Regional Hospital, Wajo Regency
One of the services provided by the hospital is a laboratory, which is used to carry out experimental activities, measurements and research related to science and other sciences. This research aims to determine the results of blood and urine sample examinations and operational standards for administrative services (SOP) for outpatients at Lamaddukkelleng Hospital, Sengkang, Wajo Regency. The method used is examining patients using blood and urine samples using laboratory equipment. Examinations in the laboratory include routine blood tests, routine urine tests, clinical chemistry and immunoserology. The results obtained from this research were that in blood tests with three patients, it was found that patient A had a high haemoglobin level compared to patients B and C. In drug tests, negative results were obtained from three patients: A, B, and C and on examination, Plano (pregnancy) received positive results in patients B and C while patient A had adverse effects. In clinical chemistry examination using serum, it was found that the glucose levels in patients A (96 mg/dl) and B (142 mg/dl) were lower compared to patient C with levels of 172 mg/dl, for urea, uric acid and creatinine levels. The highest was in patient B, with 149 mg/dl, 11.2 mg/dl and 10.20 mg/dl, respectively. During the hepatitis examination, one patient was found to be reactive (positive), namely patient B and the other two were not reactive (negative). During the HIV examination, two patients were found to be positive, namely patients A and B, while one patient had a negative result, indicating that the patient was not infected with HIV.
Laboratorium, darah rutin, urine rutin, kimia klinik, dan imunoserologi
This study aimed to analyze butterfly (Suborder: Rhopalocera) diversity in the campus environment of Universitas Sulawesi Barat and its relationship with vegetation types. The research employed a line transect method spanning 300 meters across three sampling locations: around the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Integrated Laboratory, and Library, conducted from August to September 2024. The findings identified 11 butterfly species from 3 families, with a total of 201 specimens. The Nymphalidae family dominated with 7 species (59%), followed by Pieridae with 3 species (36%), and Papilionidae with 1 species (4%). The most abundant species were Eurema hecabe (19%) and Junonia atlites (18%). Shannon-Wiener diversity index analysis revealed values ranging from 2.04-2.012, categorized as moderate diversity. Low dominance index (0.19) and high evenness index (E>0.8) indicated a relatively stable ecosystem supporting various butterfly species. The study concluded that the Universitas Sulawesi Barat campus environment has the potential to be a good habitat for butterflies, with diverse vegetation composition supporting species diversity.
butterfly diversity, Rhopalocera, campus ecosystem, line transect, Universitas Sulawesi Barat