JAP (Jurnal Administrasi Publik) UNIKA Widya Mandira Kupang merupakan jurnal ilmiah yang diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Administrasi Publik, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira Kupang. Jurnal ini mempublikasikan artikel hasil penelitian, kajian konseptual, dan studi literatur dalam bidang administrasi publik, kebijakan publik, dan manajemen publik, dengan fokus pada birokrasi, pelayanan publik, tata kelola pemerintahan, pembangunan pedesaan, collaborative governance, indigenous public administration, serta berbagai isu kontemporer dalam administrasi publik.
Program Studi Administrasi Publik Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira
PENGAWASAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DESA DI KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pengawasan pemerintah daerah terhadap pengelolaan keuangan desa di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara serta faktor-faktor yang menghambat pelaksanaan pengawasan tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi lapangan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengawasan pemerintah daerah terhadap pengelolaan keuangan desa telah dilaksanakan melalui Inspektorat Daerah, Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Desa, serta camat, mulai dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penatausahaan, pelaporan, hingga pertanggungjawaban keuangan desa. Namun, pelaksanaan pengawasan tersebut belum berjalan secara optimal karena masih ditemukan keterlambatan laporan pertanggungjawaban, rendahnya transparansi penggunaan anggaran desa, dan lemahnya pembinaan terhadap aparatur desa. Selain itu, terdapat beberapa faktor yang menghambat pelaksanaan pengawasan, yaitu keterbatasan sumber daya manusia aparat pengawas dan aparatur desa, keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana, lemahnya koordinasi antar lembaga pengawas, rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat, serta perubahan regulasi yang cukup cepat. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan kapasitas aparatur, penguatan koordinasi, dan optimalisasi partisipasi masyarakat agar pengawasan pengelolaan keuangan desa dapat berjalan lebih efektif, transparan, dan akuntabel.
Copyright (c) 2026 Piere Mario Bait https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
INTEGRASI KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM MITIGASI ERUPSI GUNUNG LEWOTOBI: KETAHANAN MASYARAKAT ADAT FLORES TIMUR
Penelitian ini mengkaji integrasi kearifan lokal masyarakat Flores Timur dalam mitigasi bencana erupsi Gunung Lewotobi sebagai upaya membangun ketangguhan komunitas berbasis budaya. Gunung Lewotobi, yang terdiri dari dua puncak Lewotobi Laki-laki dan Lewotobi Perempuan merupakan gunung berapi aktif yang secara historis telah berulang kali mengalami erupsi dan menimbulkan dampak signifikan bagi masyarakat sekitarnya. Masyarakat di kawasan ini, khususnya Desa Nawokote, telah mengembangkan sistem pengetahuan lokal yang terintegrasi dalam praktik budaya, ritual adat, dan pembacaan tanda-tanda alam sebagai bentuk kesiapsiagaan bencana. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif melalui studi literatur sistematis yang menelaah teori, temuan penelitian terdahulu, dan dokumen kebijakan terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ritual Tuba Ile dan kearifan ekologis masyarakat Nawokote berfungsi sebagai sistem peringatan dini tradisional yang dikenal dalam literatur ilmiah sebagai Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK), yang mencakup pembacaan perubahan perilaku hewan, kondisi vegetasi, bau belerang, serta perubahan debit mata air. Selain itu, kearifan lokal berperan penting dalam mobilisasi sosial, pembangunan resiliensi psikologis, dan transmisi pengetahuan antargenerasi. Penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya integrasi sistematis antara kearifan lokal dan sistem penanggulangan bencana modern sesuai dengan kerangka Sendai Framework 2015–2030, guna menciptakan model mitigasi bencana yang inklusif, kontekstual, dan berkelanjutan.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ernawati Daeng, Andreas Peni, Elisabeth D.M. Welin, Olifia Fobia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
PARADOKS FISKAL INDONESIA: DESENTRALISASI FISKAL DAN BAYANG-BAYANG SENTRALISASI DI INDONESIA
Kajian ini menganalisis implementasi desentralisasi fiskal di Indonesia beserta paradoks yang mengiringinya, dengan fokus pada fenomena concealed centralization (sentralisasi terselubung). Secara teoretis, desentralisasi fiskal yang berpijak pada prinsip federalisme fiskal sebagaimana dirumuskan oleh Oates (1972) dan dikembangkan lebih lanjut oleh berbagai sarjana kontemporer semestinya mampu meningkatkan efisiensi pengelolaan anggaran, memperkuat kemandirian fiskal daerah, serta mendorong pemerataan pembangunan yang berkeadilan. Namun, kajian empiris justru memperlihatkan kontradiksi yang berlangsung secara persisten: tingginya ketergantungan daerah terhadap transfer pemerintah pusat, melebarnya kesenjangan fiskal antardaerah, serta lemahnya kapasitas kelembagaan dalam pengelolaan keuangan daerah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif-analitis, bersumber dari kajian pustaka sistematis (systematic literature review) atas data sekunder yang mencakup laporan keuangan negara, publikasi Kementerian Keuangan RI, serta jurnal-jurnal bereputasi internasional yang diterbitkan dalam rentang 2020–2025. Temuan kajian menunjukkan bahwa desentralisasi fiskal Indonesia belum berhasil mewujudkan tujuan yang dicita-citakan, akibat terbatasnya kapasitas fiskal daerah, lemahnya tata kelola pemerintahan lokal, serta masih dominannya intervensi pemerintah pusat dalam proses pengambilan keputusan fiskal. Kondisi ini melahirkan fenomena semi-desentralisasi yang mencerminkan kesenjangan nyata antara orientasi kebijakan dan realitas implementasinya di lapangan. Untuk itu, reformasi mendesak diperlukan melalui penguatan kapasitas daerah, restrukturisasi mekanisme transfer fiskal berbasis kebutuhan, serta penguatan sistem akuntabilitas dan pengawasan yang efektif.
Copyright (c) 2026 Andreas Peni, Ernawati Daeng, Elisabeth D.M. Welin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALISIS PROSES PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT OLEH UPTD DINAS TENAGA KERJA DAN TRANSMIGRASI KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana, serta apa saja tantangan dan hambatan yang dihadapi dalam proses pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pelatihan menjahit di UPTD Balai Latihan Kerja Dinas Tenaga Kerja Dan Transmigrasi Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara. Metedologi yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, dengan fokus penelitian menjelaskan teori Pemberdayaan menurut Hermansah (2016) yang terdiri dari beberapa indikator yakni: tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan, tahap kelembagaan program, tahap monitoring dan evaluasi, menggunakan sumber data dari informan dan dokumen, serta pengumpulan datamelalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumen, lalu dianalisis menggunakan model Miles dan Humberman (1992) dan trigulasi data untuk menguji validitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pemberdayaan masyarakat dilaksanakan melalui empat tahapan, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pelembagaan program, serta monitoring dan evaluasi. Namun, dalam pelaksanaannya masih terdapat beberapa kendala, seperti rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat dan terbatasnya pendampingan pasca pelatihan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa program pelatihan menjahit telah berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan keterampilan masyarakat, tetapi keberlanjutan pemberdayaan masih memerlukan penguatan melalui pembinaan dan pendampingan yang berkelanjutan.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hilaria Dominika Malo, Hendrikus H. Botha, Pionisius Minggu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ANALISIS JARINGAN SOSIAL DALAM PENANGANAN ANAK PUTUS SEKOLAH DI KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis peran jaringan sosial dalam penanganan anak putus sekolah di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara (TTU) dengan menggunakan perspektif teori jaringan sosial menurut Granovetter (2005). Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Informan dipilih secara purposive yang terdiri atas unsur Dinas Pendidikan, sekolah, lembaga sosial, guru, dan orang tua. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan yang didukung triangulasi untuk menjamin validitas data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jaringan sosial yang melibatkan Dinas Pendidikan, sekolah, pemerintah desa, keluarga, dan lembaga sosial telah membangun koordinasi serta komunikasi lintas sektor yang mendukung penanganan anak putus sekolah. Namun, efektivitasnya masih terkendala oleh keterbatasan komunikasi di wilayah terpencil, belum optimalnya keterlibatan seluruh aktor, dan adanya hambatan ekonomi maupun non-ekonomi yang memengaruhi keberlanjutan pendidikan anak. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penguatan jaringan sosial yang kolaboratif merupakan faktor kunci dalam mengembalikan anak ke bangku sekolah. Oleh karena itu, direkomendasikan peningkatan koordinasi antar lembaga, perluasan pendataan hingga daerah terpencil, penguatan pendampingan berbasis komunitas, serta optimalisasi dukungan pendidikan bagi keluarga rentan.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lucia Ela Haumen, Yoakim Rembu, Herminus Kefi, Pionisius Minggu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
PROSES COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE DALAM PENGELOLAAN BUDIDAYA RUMPUT LAUT DI DESA DAIAMA, KABUPATEN ROTE NDAO
Desa Daiama Kecamatan Landuleko Kabupaten Rote Ndao merupakan salah satu desa yang masyarakatnya membudidayakan rumput laut sebagai mata pencaharian masyarakat. Pengelolaan budidaya rumput laut di Desa Daiama masih berlangsung terpisah antara masyarakat, pemerintah, dan swasta, menyebabkan konflik kepentingan dan rendahnya efisiensi serta rasa memiliki. Oleh karena itu, penerapan pendekatan collaborative governance mendesak dilakukan untuk meningkatkan koordinasi, partisipasi, dan keberlanjutan pengelolaan sumber daya tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis proses kolaboratif governance dalam pengelolaan dan faktor penghambat dalam budidaya rumput laut di Desa Daiama Kabupaten Rote Ndao. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dialog tatap muka yang rutin dan terbuka memperkuat hubungan dan mempercepat pengambilan keputusan, namun masih terdapat kendala partisipasi dari stakeholder tertentu. Pembangunan kepercayaan didukung oleh konsistensi kebijakan dan transparansi, sementara komitmen berproses didorong oleh partisipasi aktif dan fasilitator yang memotivasi. Berbagi pemahaman melalui pelatihan dan komunikasi efektif meningkatkan sinergi dan keberlanjutan program. Kesimpulannya, keberhasilan collaborative governance sangat dipengaruhi oleh komunikasi, kepercayaan, dan komitmen bersama yang terus didukung melalui proses berkelanjutan.
STRATEGI DIGITALISASI UMKM DALAM APLIKASI GRAB: INOVASI SEKTOR PUBLIK UNTUK MENDORONG PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi digitalisasi UMKM melalui aplikasi Grab sebagai inovasi sektor publik dalam mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Permasalahan empiris yang melatarbelakangi penelitian ini adalah rendahnya adopsi teknologi digital oleh sebagian besar UMKM, khususnya dalam pemanfaatan platform daring seperti Grab untuk memperluas akses pasar dan meningkatkan efisiensi operasional. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah studi pustaka (library research). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) memegang peran penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia, memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) dan penciptaan lapangan kerja. Dalam menghadapi tantangan digitalisasi, UMKM dihadapkan pada kebutuhan untuk bertransformasi guna tetap kompetitif. Aplikasi GRAB telah menjadi salah satu platform utama yang membantu UMKM memasuki era digital melalui layanan-layanan seperti GrabFood, GrabExpress, dan GrabPay. Penelitian ini mengkaji strategi digitalisasi UMKM melalui aplikasi GRAB dan peran inovasi sektor publik dalam mempercepat transformasi digital tersebut. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mengeksplorasi dampak digitalisasi terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, peningkatan produktivitas, penciptaan lapangan kerja, serta penerimaan pajak. Melalui kolaborasi antara pemerintah dan sektor swasta, diharapkan digitalisasi UMKM dapat mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan.
MITIGASI BENCANA LONGSOR BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL “PUAR CAMA” DI KABUPATEN MANGGARAI BARAT
Kabupaten Manggarai Barat merupakan salah satu wilayah di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur yang memiliki tingkat kerentanan tinggi terhadap bencana tanah longsor. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kombinasi faktor topografi berbukit, curah hujan yang tinggi, serta perubahan penggunaan lahan yang tidak memperhatikan prinsip konservasi. Salah satu pendekatan alternatif yang dapat digunakan dalam upaya mitigasi bencana di wilayah ini adalah pemanfaatan kearifan lokal, khususnya sistem adat Puar Cama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas Puar Cama sebagai strategi mitigasi berbasis komunitas. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik studi literatur dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem Puar Cama memiliki peran signifikan dalam menjaga stabilitas lereng dan tutupan vegetasi melalui mekanisme pengelolaan hutan berbasis musyawarah adat. Selain itu, integrasi antara Puar Cama dan kebijakan formal penanggulangan bencana dapat memperkuat ketahanan masyarakat terhadap bencana tanah longsor secara berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi pemerintah daerah dan pemangku kepentingan untuk mengarusutamakan kearifan lokal dalam perencanaan mitigasi bencana.
EFEKTIFITAS PENANGANAN PENYAKIT RABIES DI KECAMATAN KOTA KEFAMENANU KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA
Penularan penyakit rabies dapat menyebabkan kematian, virus ini akan di tularkan ke hewan lain atau manusia melalui gigitan hewan pembawa rabies seperti anjing kucing, kera, kelinci, kambing, sapi dan kuda. Dari sekian banyak hewan pembawa rabies, anjing adalah yang paling sering menjadi sumber penularannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan efektivitas penanganan penyakit rabies. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Adanya kesesuaian tindakan pada kebijakan penanganan sesuai regulasi yang tertera pada Keputusan Bupati Timor Tengah Utara Nomor 106/KEP/HK/III/2024 tentang pembentukan tugas tim untuk bertindak aktif terhadap status keadaan siaga darurat penanganan wabah penyakit rabies, dan mengupayakan pemberian vaksin anti rabies (VAR), dan Serum Anti Rabies (SAR) kepada korban gigitan hewan penular rabies dengan tepat, sehingga korban terkena gigitan dapat terselamatkan melalui pengobatan dan perawatan yang baik. Hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan menunjukan bahwa, penanganannya cukup efektif dalam meminimalisir korban gigitan hewan penular rabies, namun masih terdapat berbagai kendala seperti keterbatasan anggaran untuk pelaksanaan kegiatan kerja oleh tim satuan tugas dan untuk pengadaan vaksin dan serum anti rabies.
COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE DALAM PELAYANAN ADMINISTRASI PELINTAS BATAS PADA PLBN WINI DI KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya kolaborasi antarinstansi dalam pelayanan administrasi lintas batas yang melibatkan berbagai pihak seperti Imigrasi, Bea Cukai, Karantina, TNI/Polri, serta masyarakat pengguna jasa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis implementasi Collaborative Governance dalam pelayanan administrasi pelintas batas di PLBN Wini serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Informan penelitian meliputi aparat PLBN, petugas lintas instansi, serta masyarakat pengguna layanan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Collaborative Governance di PLBN Wini telah berjalan dengan melibatkan berbagai unsur CIQ (Customs, Immigration, Quarantine) serta lembaga keamanan. Kolaborasi tersebut mampu meningkatkan efektivitas pelayanan, namun masih menghadapi hambatan berupa keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, sarana prasarana yang belum memadai, serta lemahnya koordinasi lintas instansi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Collaborative Governance merupakan pendekatan strategis untuk mewujudkan pelayanan administrasi pelintas batas yang optimal di PLBN Wini, meskipun masih diperlukan penguatan koordinasi, peningkatan kapasitas SDM, dan dukungan infrastruktur yang lebih baik.
FORMULASI KEBIJAKAN PEMEKARAN DESA : KAJIAN ASPEK SOSIAL DALAM PROSES PEMEKARAN DESA PERSIAPAN SANDOSI II KECAMATAN WITIHAMA KABUPATEN FLORES TIMUR
Abstract This paper examines the Social Aspects of Village Expansion in the Policy Formulation Process of Sandosi II Preparatory Village Expansion, Witihama Sub-district, East Flores Regency, where this research is driven by several problems, namely the population of Sandosi Village which is already classified as very dense, the uneven coverage of government services, services and social conflicts between community groups that can disrupt village stability and security. This research aims to see the feasibility of social aspects in the formulation of the Sandosi II preparatory village expansion policy and estimate the social impacts that will result from the expansion of the Sandosi II preparatory village. This research uses the concept of public policy formulation according to William N. Dunn, which consists of five stages, namely problem formulation, policy agenda, forecasting, alternative selection, and policy determination. This theory is used to analyze how the formulation of village expansion policies takes into account the feasibility of social aspects and estimates the impact that will be caused to the community after expansion. The results showed that the expansion of Sandosi II Preparatory Village was carried out as an effort to overcome increasingly complex social problems, such as an increase in population, difficulties in public services, and conflicts related to customary land. Through expansion, it is expected that community access to basic services such as health and education will be better, while strengthening social solidarity and stability in the region.
PERAN BALAI PELAYANAN PERLINDUNGAN PEKERJA MIGRAN INDONESIA (BP3MI) PROVINSI NTT DALAM PENGIRIMAN DAN PENEMPATAN PEKERJA MIGRAN INDONESIA KE LUAR NEGERI
Abstract The task of BP3MI is to carry out the task of placement and protection services for Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI). The purpose of the research is to find out how the role of the Indonesian Migrant Workers Protection Service Center (BP3MI) NTT in the delivery and placement of Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI), and how it is implemented in the field. The research method used is a qualitative method and data collection techniques are carried out through observation (observation), interviews, and documentation. The results obtained are the role of the Indonesian Migrant Worker Protection Service Storm in the delivery and placement of Indonesian migrant workers abroad includes several stages, namely, providing socialization, training of Indonesian migrant workers, policy, coordination, legal protection, and law enforcement. The conclusion obtained from this research is that BP3MI NTT has an important role in protecting the rights of Indonesian migrant workers in ensuring the process of sending and placing migrant workers, monitoring labor channeling agents providing information, training and protection to Indonesian migrant workers so as to minimize the risk of exploitation, abuse, and human rights violations against Indonesian migrant workers.
IMPLEMENTASI INOVASI LAYANAN GAWAT DARURAT ‘BRIGADE KUPANG SEHAT’ DI KOTA KUPANG
Abstract Brigade Kupang Sehat (BKS) is a functional unit at the Kupang City Health Office that provides emergency services using a ball pick-up model and has been implemented since 2014. This study aims to identify and analyze the content and context of the BKS program. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The research was carried out for one month (May-June 2022). Data collection was carried out by interviews, observation and document study. There were ten informants in the study who were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The results of the study show that the implementation of the BKS program opens access for people who need health services quickly and easily. The success of the program is supported by the commitment of the Government and the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) of the City of Kupang as well as adequate human resources, capital and facilities. With advances in technology and information, it is hoped that the Kupang city government will need to develop a special location marker application to make it easier for the BKS team to find the patient's location point.
EFEKTIVITAS PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMBANGUNAN FISIK DESA NANGANESA NDONA KABUPATEN ENDE
Abstract This article is entitled The Effectiveness of Village Fund Management in Improving the Physical Development of Nanganesa Ndona Village, Ende Regency. The main problem in this study is how the effectiveness of village fund management in improving the physical development of Nanganesa Ndona Village, Ende Regency. Thus the purpose of this study is to determine how the effectiveness of village fund management in improving the physical development of Nanganesa Ndona Village, Ende Regency. The indicators in this study are the Accuracy of Village Development Planning, Transparency and Accountability of Village Fund Management, and Community Participation in Village Fund Management. To obtain an overview of the effectiveness of village fund management in Nanganesa Village, the author conducted research using a qualitative description method. Primary data sources were obtained directly from informants, while secondary data sources were obtained through books, and official documents from the Nanganesa Village Office and agencies related to this research. The informants in this study were the Village Head, Nanganesa Village Officials, BPD, and the Community. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the Effectiveness of Village Fund Management in Improving the Physical Development of Nanganesa Ndona Village, Ende Regency, has not been effective. This is characterized by the level of output and input so that the use of village funds is not effective in improving physical development in Nanganesa Village. The inhibiting factors that affect the effectiveness of village fund management in improving physical development are lack of community participation, lack of human resources, lack of transparency and accountability in the management of village funds.
Keywords: Effectiveness, Village Fund Management, and Physical Development
Analisis Partisipasi Masyarakat Lamaholot Dalam Menjunjung Tinggi Nilai Ritual Adat Lewak Tapo Di Desa Keluwain Kecamatan Kelubagolit Kabupaten Flores Timur
Abstract The lewak tapo traditional ritual ceremony is a Lamaholot traditional ritual that is carried out specifically on the island of Adonara as a symbol of recovery and cleansing for all the wrongs and sins that have been committed by previous ancestors and the victim himself because of a death that is considered unnatural or a bloody event (mata reket). The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of community participation as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors that occur in the lewak tapo traditional ritual in Keluwain Village, Kelubagolit Sub-district, East Flores Regency. This research adopts the theory of community participation according to Uphoff et al (1979) cited in Anggitirani (2020) where there are four stages of community participation that are the focus of this research, namely the decision-making stage, the programme implementation stage, the stage of enjoying the results, and the assessment or evaluation stage. The research method used is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach and the types of data used are primary data and secondary data. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the results of field observations, the researcher can conclude that the Keluwain Village community participated in the programme implementation stage, enjoying the results, and assessment or evaluation. Meanwhile, the planning stage only involves families together with traditional elders such as landlords (bele lewo), healers (ata molang), and traditional priests (ata mu'a). Community participation is also influenced by the values contained in the lewak tapo traditional ritual such as religious values/beliefs, truth/honesty values, socio-cultural values, solidarity/humanity values, deliberation/consensus values, and satisfaction values.
Inklusivitas Pengelolaan Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD) Berbasis Partisipasi Masyarakat di Desa Air Mata, Kabupaten Kupang
Community participation in the management of village allocation fund in the Village of Mata Air is still far from the requiredstandards. At the planning stage, the management of the fund is deemed as too “technocratic” in which only village elites areinvolved, while the poor segment of the village residents as well as women are not involved. At the implementation stage, thefund management has neither been institutionalized nor determined by the mobilization of government instruments andvillage administrative personnel. So far the community participation only goes in a spontaneous way and as such has reducedthe degree of inclusiveness. As a result, the continuity of villagers’ initiatives is cut off and therefore it does not nurture thesense of belonging in the whole village development. At the supervision level, the fund is controlled in a structural-hierarchicalway without involving the village residents. The residents are not given access to the village fund management. The villagehead, village finance technical executive, and the village treasurer are still considered the most responsible persons in themanagement of village allocation fund.
This research did a study on the potentials of the marine-and-fishery-based development in the NTT province. Marinebaseddevelopmentis a developmentthat uses the advantagesof marine resourcesfor the enhancement of people’sprosperitywithoutneglecting the marine ecologypreservation.The main assumption of this researchis that the NTTProvincehas agreatpotential of marine resourcesbut they havenot been used with utmost effortfor development.The objectiveof this studyisto explorethe marine potentials of NTTwaters for developmentand to what extent the provincialgovernmenthas made itspolicyto developmarine sector,what has been carried out, what arethe results,and what arethe obstacles in the development56JAP UNWIRA, Vol. 1, No. 1, Januari - Juni 2020of marine and fishery sector in NTT. Methods used are qualitative and the data collection is done through field observationand literature study. The results show that the marine potentials have not been utilized at the maximum level for the economicdevelopment. This can be detected from the low production of fish, unused infrastructure, no fisherman-oriented development,inefficient distribution and marketing of fish. This government-based natural resources management is not accompanied bysufficient technological know-how. Therefore it is recommended to establish a simpler organization with more functions. Theskill and the holistic knowledge of the personnel should be upgraded through education. We also need to enhance inter-sectoralcooperation, both between government organizations and with private enterprises within the province or between the provincesin a sustainable way. The personnel competence needs to be enhanced in the management and allocation of limited resources, sothat policy implementer can identify and make the priority of prime needs for human development.Key words.
Pengakuan Formal dan Pemenuhan Hak Nelayan
The Fisherman Card as a proof fisherman identity is a form of formal recognition of the existence and rights of the fishermenby the state. The implementation of the fisherman card from Jakarta up to remote areas is regulated in the Decree of theMinister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries No.16 of the year 2016 on the Fisherman Card. The government through theMinistry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, c.q. the Provincial Office as well as the Municipality Office of Marine Affairsand Fisheries are targeting that the whole fishermen in this area would hold the fisherman card. Since its launching in2013 until the implementation of the Ministerial Regulation on the Fisherman Card, many fishermen have not received thefisherman card while those who hold the card do not understand the function of the card. The Kupang Municipality up to the144JAP UNWIRA, Vol. 1, No. 1, Januari - Juni 2020mid of 2017 has covered only 26.74 percent of the fishermen as card recipients. This research utilizes the Dunn theoreticalframework that covers the aspects of effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equality, responsiveness, and correctness to analyze theimplementation of Fisherman Card in Kupang Municipality. The research period that started from June through September2017 in five coastal villages (Nunbaun Sabu, Nunbaun Delha, Pasir Panjang, Oesapa, Lasiana) found that 73.26 percentof the fishermen had not possessed the Fisherman Card. Worse even, the card holders did not understand the purpose of thecard. The low percentage of card ownership is considered as caused by inadequacy of technical apparatus and human resourcesthat could not cover the whole fishermen of Kupang Municipality. The Fisherman Card is also gender-biased in that itaccommodates only fisherman as narrowly defined by the Law No.7 of 2016 as a person whose occupation is catching fish. TheFisherman Card neglects the pre and post activities of fish catching as well as of salt farmers, most of which are female works.The halfhearted recognition by state of the existence of fishermen who are involved in every link of the marine and fisherywork-chain is nothing but an indicator of the state’s absence to fulfill the rights of fishermen, and of fisherwomen in particular.
Hoaks, Politik dan Risiko Masyarakat Modern
Indonesia’s social space in the past year has been filled with the phenomenon of hoax. The phenomenon of hoax develops alongwith the strengthening and thickening of the national political axis. Society is not treated by true news but it is filled withvarious emotional outbursts. The implication is that the community is divided into small groups based on interests. This causesthe social and cultural space to be rigid and inflexible. By Ulrich Beck, such phenomena are called risk society. Risks arise notonly because of technological developments in physical reason but also because of erroneous social and political practices. In itsdevelopment, Indonesian politics follows the trend of thickening into groups. A society divided into groups has the potential tostrengthen internal integration. As a result, the level of external adaptation is low. Politics is called the most vulnerable regionand is therefore responsible for social divisions. Because of politics, elements of society make social media not only a tool butalso their ultimate goal. There, the people practice various news provocation movements the truth of which cannot be verified.Such reality demands state responsibility in managing the media. Media management is not the same as controlling media.Managing the media is providing literacy education not only to the media and the political elite but also to the general public.Consequently, the logical reasoning for the existence of a civilized Indonesian society should be honed contiously.
In the contexts of contemporary social and political thought, a fundamental anthropological and political problem is thedebate about how deeply the essence of the human related to political praxis. The purpose of this article is to explore the idea ofHelmuth Plessner’s political anthropology as the middle paradigm, between political theology and economic theology. In thefirst and second parts of this article, Plessner’s philosophical anthropology will be presented, which focuses on the concept of theeccentric position of human being. Based on this concept, Plessner attempted to show the mutual interpenetration of philosophyand politics, which will be described in the third part of this article. Plessner insists on the importance of a philosophicalanthropology of the political for practical politics itself. Some conclusion will be drawn concerning the importance of smalldimensions of Plessner’s political anthropology in relation to the current political context.
Preferensi dan Voting Behavior di Kalangan Mahasiswa Unwira Menjelang Pemilihan Umum Gubernur Provinsi NTT 2018
Provincial general election to elect the governor of NTT has resulted in the installment of Victor Bungtilu Lasikodat as thegovernor of NTT and Joseph Naisoi as the vice governor. This result does not seem to accord with the expectation of the collegestudents, i.e., the students of Widya Mandira Catholic University to be specific. Through a questionnaire the students wereasked which of the candidates become their preference. It turned out that 44,77 percent of the students preferred MarianusSae-Emi Nomleni, followed by Benny Harman-Benny Litelnoni at the second place with 25,58 percent. Victor-Joseph camein the third place with 20,35 percent. Voters in the election were attracted by bombastic promises during the campaign butstudents were more attracted by the actual performance of the candidates either in the government or in the legislature. Morethan that the students are expecting that the future governor can take care of several urgent issues such as better prosperity(88,14 %), health (83,59 %), education (78,67%) and religious tolerance (78,0%) which they believed can be realized byMarianus Sae dan Emi Nomleni as their future governor and vice governor.
METAFISIKA POLITIK: MENIMBANG KEKUATAN ARISTOKRASI DALAM PILKADA BELU DAN MALAKA TAHUN 2020
Abstract This writing intends to describe the carrying out of election of district heads of Belu and Malaka regencies of the East Nusa Tenggara Province in December 2020. This paper is of the opinion that the election of district heads in these two regencies involved the perspective of political metaphysics. According to indigenous tradition of the Belunese and the Malakans, the metaphysical power is transformed into the personality of the raja. Raja is the representation of the divine, the incarnation of god (Maromak Oan) and endowed politically with rights to govern. In the general election of the Malaka and Belu district heads, the pair candidates running for the posts of regent and vice regent did their best to win the electoral contestation by building their political power through the coalition of political parties, through campaign for mass support, through political physics that mobilizes all political machinery as well as through pataphysics that make use of the virtual networks. Nevertheless, the coalition of political parties still take into account the power of metaphysical politics based on aristocracy. The nobilities are considered worthy to become the persons endowed with privileges to govern. Therefore the election of district heads does not necessarily always have to do with coalition, campaign and money politics, but also with tradition and belief of the voters who demonstrate their preference to the candidates from the aristocratic circles.
general election of district heads (pilkada), democracy, metaphysics, aristocracy politics
PERAN DKPP DALAM MENEGAKKAN KODE ETIK PENYELENGGARA PEMILU DAN MEWUJUDKAN PILKADA BERMARTABAT
Abstract The Honorary Council for General Election Organizers (DKPP) is an element in the general election execution together with the General Election Commission (KPU) and the General Election Supervision Body (Bawaslu). The main function of the DKPP is to enforce the ethical code for the general election organizers. A dignified general election and election of district heads starts from the general election organizers who are supposed to uphold the general election ethics, although that does not constitute a single factor, in a sense that a dignified general election should be the responsibility of all elements of general election that include the organizers, the pair candidates, political parties, success team, civil servants, national and districts governments, as well as other stakeholders. The problem is that the DKPP’s authority is limited to the execution of the general election and does not cover the whole system of the carrying out of the general election and therefore it is difficult to realize a dignified election of district heads, despite the fact that a dignified election will bring about dignified leaders. As a democratic country, Indonesia is supposed to consider not only ethical code for the general election organizers but also ethical code for the whole implementation of the general election.
DKPP, ethics, dignified general election
MEMBACA FENOMENA KABAR BOHONG PILPRES 2019 DI INDONESIA BERDASARKAN KACA MATA HERBERT MARCUSE, JÜRGEN HABERMAS, DAN ZYGMUNT BAUMAN
Abstract Hoaxes were rampant before, during and after the 2019 presidential election. According to Herbert Marcuse’s point of view, the hoax phenomenon is closely related to capitalism, hence prioritizing profit gaining and ignoring truth. Consequently, the people are seen as things and objects. Further, according to Jürgen Habermas, the hoax phenomenon takes place because of lack of communicative dialog and ethical responsibility where mass media are used as weaponry means by political parties to make public opinions. In the meantime, Zygmunt Bauman is of the opinion that the hoax phenomenon demonstrates that the people are treated as outsiders, foreigners and the out-group
Marcuse, Habermas, Bauman, capitalism, communicative dialog, outsiders, hoax, and 2019 presidential election
DEMOKRASI AGONISTIK DAN SPIRIT BARU PASCA-PILKADA
Abstract The simultaneous general election of district heads in 270 regencies, municipalities and provinces in Indonesia in 2020 has ended. The end of the simultaneous general elections does not mean the end of competition, debate and discourse in democracy. A living democracy needs constant contestation, debate and discourse. That is the essence of the idea of agonistic democracy. The idea of agonistic democracy will be discussed in a sharp and comprehensive manner in this paper. Thus, the aim of this paper is to explain the concept of agonistic democracy. Furthermore, starting from the idea of agonistic democracy, the writer will show what spirit needs to be nurtured after the simultaneous regional elections that have just been held. The approach used in this paper is a speculative-analysis approach.
Politics, Political, Agonistic Democracy, and Confrontation
POPULISME, PILKADA DAN MASA DEPAN DEMOKRASI
Abstract Populism has risen to become a contemporary political phenomenon at both the global, national and local levels. Electoral contestations, including the election of district heads or “Pilkada”, were infiltrated by populist political practices. In this paper, I mostly use the perspective of political philosophy on populism. The main thesis of this paper is that populism threatens the existence of democracy when populist actors and politicians exploit the ethnic and religious sentiments of the voters, or exploit the people's vulnerabilities as mere populist narratives and rhetoric to win the electoral support. On the other hand, the discourse on antagonism in left populism is able to make a positive contribution to democracy as long as it is always placed within the framework of an antagonistic democratic discourse. Within the framework of antagonistic democracy, left populism consistently exposes the depravity of power, constructs the “people” as a group that opposes the oligarchic and neoliberal elites, and struggles for the right to social justice of the oppressed. This politico-philosophical analysis of populism is relevant in reflecting on the moments of electoral contestations such as the election of district heads (Pilkada) and on the fight for a better future of democracy.
Populism, antagonistic democracy, politics, people, oligarchy, Pilkada
Program studi Administrasi Publik sebagai bagian dari Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik,Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira, akhirnya menerbitkan jurnal online edisi pertama pada Maret 2020.Jurnal ini diberi nama JAP UNWIRA. JAP merupakan singkatan dari Jurnal Administrasi Publik. KataUNWIRA adalah singkatan dari Universitas Widya Mandira. Nama jurnal dengan demikian melekat padakarakter institusi yang memiliki motto: “Ut Vitam Habeant Abundantius”.Tim redaksi pernah menerbitkan jurnal ilmiah program studi edisi Januari-Juni 2018, edisi cetakdengan nama jurnal yang sama seperti kali ini. Akan tetapi, karena keterbatasan sumber daya pengelolajurnal dan kekurangan artikel, maka sejak itu redaksi seolah mati suri karena tidak memublikasikan artikelsecara konsisten.Kali ini diinspirasi oleh semangat untuk meningkatkan karya akademik dosen, mahasiswa, peneliti,dan semua pihak yang memiliki passion pada publikasi ilmu-ilmu sosial, redaksi kembali hadir ke hadapanpembaca dengan enam artikel baik yang dihasilkan dari studi lapangan maupun kajian kepustakaan. Dalamsemangat yang tinggi ini pula redaksi berkomitmen untuk menerbitkan JAP UNWIRA secara konsisten danperiodik sebanyak dua kali dalam setahun yakni antara Januari-Juni dan Juli-Desember.