Penerapan sakralitas pada arsitektur Vihara - Museum Buddha
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v7i1.1087
Kata Kunci:
Kontekstualitas, Sakralitas, Vihara - museumAbstrak
Agama Buddha merupakan salah satu agama yang sudah cukup tua di dunia. Seiring perkembangan agama Buddha ke penjuru dunia, terjadi perubahan tipologi arsitektur Buddha menjadi semakin kompleks akibat tidak adanya sastra arsitektural yang mengatur dengan penambahan fungsi-fungsi pendukung untuk meningkatkan pendidikan terhadap umat Buddha. Meskipun demikian, penambahan fungsi profan dapat melemahkan nilai sakralitas pada kesatuan kompleks ibadah apabila keliru dalam menyikapi desain arsitekturnya dan mengganggu kegiatan ritual di dalamnya, Salah satu fungsi yang dapat memberikan pendidikan sekaligus pendekatan personal terhadap agama Buddha adalah museum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari hubungan kontekstualitas antara fungsi utama sakral (bangunan ibadah) dan fungsi pendukung profan (museum) dalam kesatuan kompleks vihara dalam menampilkan nilai sakralitas melalui karakteristik arsitektur. Analisis menggunakan teori sakralitas, dan teori kontekstualitas yang dielaborasikan dalam berbagai lingkup arsitektur untuk menghasilkan hubungan karakteristik arsitektur vihara dan museum yang menerapkan nilai sakralitas sesuai filosofi Buddha. Penelitian ini mengarahkan pada perbedaan penerapan prinsip orientasi, hierarki, penjaga batas, bentuk geometris, simetris, repetisi, tampilan material, sinergi bentuk, pembagian zonasi, prosesi, ambiguitas atmosfer, obyek simbolis, penjaga batas, dan area berkumpul.
Unduhan
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