Acculturation of local and non-local architecture on the scoping elements of the Merah Panjunan Mosque building in Cirebon
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Published:
Aug 1, 2021
Keywords:
Architectural acculturation, Composition and orientation principles, Local architecture, Merah Panjunan Mosque architecture, Non-local architecture
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Abstract
Architectural acculturation has a significant and uniform impact on modern architecture. However, the misunderstanding of this phenomenon tends to occur due to its inability to match its context's function and meaning. Therefore, this study aims to examine the acculturation of local and non-local architecture in mosque buildings. Previous research only focuses on mosque buildings as a syncretic factor, with none on the attributed topic. The research object is the Merah Panjunan Mosque in Cirebon City. This object was chosen based on the building age, the acculturation phenomenon that occurs, and because it is one of the cultural heritage in Cirebon City. The research method includes redrawing the Merah Panjunan Mosque's entire mass in three and two dimensions, making it easy to parse based on architectural anatomy. The study object's decomposition is intended to facilitate analysis in each unit of architectural elements, which is read based on the elaboration of the balance and orientation principles. The analysis results are interpreted in the conclusion section with the Merah Panjunan Mosque capable of displaying local and non-local architecture characterized by Javanese and Chinese architectures as well as a Hindu temple. The dominant composition of the Merah Panjunan Mosque acculturation is shown in the roof elements. Therefore, this research implies that Merah Panjunan acts as a reference for architectural design with the acculturation concept.
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Arita, Hartanto Budiyuwono, and Yuswadi Saliya. 2021. “Acculturation of Local and Non-Local Architecture on the Scoping Elements of the Merah Panjunan Mosque Building in Cirebon”. ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 6 (2), 295-304. https://doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v6i2.755.
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ARTICLES-RESEARCH
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Siswoyo, Suhandy, Nuryanto Nuryanto, and Riskha Mardiana. 2019. ‘Arsitektur Masjid Sunan Gunung Jati Cirebon Sebagai Akulturasi Budaya Islam, Jawa, Dan Cina’. Jurnal Lingkungan Binaan Indonesia 8 (1): 56–63. https://doi.org/10.32315/jlbi.8.1.56.
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———. 2017. Friedrich Silaban. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
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Znews. 2020. ‘Masjid Merah Panjunan, Paduan Budaya Islam, China, Dan Hindu’. Znews.Id. 2020. https://znews.id/2020/05/01/masjid-merah-panjunan-paduan-budaya-islam-china-dan-hindu/#:~:text=Masjid Merah Panjunan ini telah,Hindu-Budha%2C dan China.&text=Dari gerbang%2C tampak ciri khas bangunan mirip wihara atau klenteng.
Ayuningrum, Diah. 2019. ‘Akulturasi Budaya Cina Dan Islam Dalam Arsitektur Tempat Ibadah Di Kota Lasem, Jawa Tengah’. Sabda : Jurnal Kajian Kebudayaan 12 (2): 122. https://doi.org/10.14710/sabda.12.2.122-135.
Ditjen Kemendikbud. 2010. ‘Masjid Merah Panjunan’. Sistem Registrasi Nasional Cagar Budaya. 2010. https://cagarbudaya.kemdikbud.go.id/public/objek/detailcb/PO2014082800004/masjid-merah-panjunan.
Fanani, Achmad. 2009. Arsitektur Masjid. Yogyakarta: Bentang. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=Cs3p7ir7bk0C&printsec=copyright&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false.
GPS Wisata Indonesia. 2014. ‘Masjid Merah Panjunan Cirebon Jawa Barat’. GPS Wisata Indonesia. 2014. https://gpswisataindonesia.info/2014/02/masjid-merah-panjunan-cirebon-jawa-barat/.
Gunawan, Hendra. 2013. ‘Masjid Merah Panjunan – Cirebon’. Rindu Masjid. 2013. https://bujangmasjid.blogspot.com/2013/05/masjid-merah-panjunan-cirebon.html.
Hermana. 2012. ‘Arsitektur Masjid Merah Panjunan Kota Cirebon’. Patanjala : Jurnal Penelitian Sejarah Dan Budaya 4 (2): 151–67.
Ismail. 1989. Wawasan Jatidiri Dalam Pembangunan Daerah. Semarang.
Jamaludin, J., and Purnama Salura. 2018. ‘Understanding the Meaning of Triangular Shape in Mosque Architecture in Indonesia’. International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7 (4.7): 458. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.7.27359.
Lake, Reginaldo Christophori, Fransiscus X. Eddy Arinto, Yohanes Djarot Purbadi, Yohanes Basuki Dwisusanto, Elvis Albertus Bin Toni, and Robertus Mas Rayawulan. 2020. ‘Architecture Expression: Synthesized Architectural Expressions in Mayor’s Office Building of Kupang City’. Local Wisdom : Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Kearifan Lokal 12 (2). https://doi.org/10.26905/lw.v12i2.4302.
Messakh, Jeni. 2014. ‘Wujud Akulturasi Sebagai Pembentuk Identitas Arsitektur Nusa Tenggara Timur’. E-Journal Graduate Unpar. http://journal.unpar.ac.id/index.php/unpargraduate/article/view/1196/1166.
Paramitha, Nadya Wicitra, and Purnama Salura. 2020. ‘Relasi Antara Sakralitas Ritual Peribadatan Berjamaah Dengan Konfigurasi Spasial Arsitektur Masjid Sulthoni Plosokuning’. ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 5 (2): 143–52. https://doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v5i2.103.
Pepeh, Udin. 2020. ‘Inilah Masjid Merah Panjunan Dari Cirebon Perpaduan Budaya Islam, Cina Dan Hindu’. Inspirasi TV. 2020. https://www.inspira.tv/news/1496/inilah-masjid-merah-panjunan-dari-cirebon-perpaduan-budaya-islam-cina-dan-hindu.
Roszi, Jurna, and Mutia. 2018. ‘Akulturasi Nilai-Nilai Budaya Lokal Dan Keagamaan Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Perilaku-Perilaku Sosial’. FOKUS : Jurnal Kajian Keislaman Dan Kemasyarakatan 3 (2): 171–98. https://doi.org/10.29240/jf.v3i2.667.
Salura, P. 2018. ‘Anatomy of Architecture Based on the Creation of Space for Activity’. International Journal of Engineering and Technology(UAE) 7 (2.14): 205–7. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.12.14675.
Salura, Purnama. 2001. Ber-Arsitektur; Membuat, Menggunakan, Mengalami, Memahami. Bandung: Architecture & Communication.
———. 2010. Arsitektur Yang Membodohkan. 1st ed. Bandung: CSS Publishing.
———. 2012. ‘Sintesis Elemen Arsitektur Lokal Dengan Non Lokal, Studi Kasus: Gedung Sate Di Bandung, Gedung UPS Di Tegal’. Bandung.
———. 2013. ‘The Confusing Languange of Building Façades Observed along Ciumbuleuit Road in Bandung’. Journal of Language and Literature 4 (2): 101–5. https://doi.org/10.7813/jll.2013/4-2/14.
———. 2018. ‘The Philosophy of Architectural Ordering Principles’. International Journal of Engineering and Technology (UAE) 7 (2.9): 52–55. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.9.13346.
Salura, Purnama, and Stephanie Clarissa. 2018. ‘Interpretation of the Meaning of Mosque Architecture : A Case Study Mosque 99 Cahaya in Lampung, Sumatera Island, Indonesia’. International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7 (2.2): 48. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.2.12321.
Siswoyo, Suhandy, Nuryanto Nuryanto, and Riskha Mardiana. 2019. ‘Arsitektur Masjid Sunan Gunung Jati Cirebon Sebagai Akulturasi Budaya Islam, Jawa, Dan Cina’. Jurnal Lingkungan Binaan Indonesia 8 (1): 56–63. https://doi.org/10.32315/jlbi.8.1.56.
Sopandi, Setiadi. 2009. ‘Indonesian Architectural Culture during Guided Democracy (1959–1965): Sukarno and the Works of Friedrich Silaban’. In Dynamics of the Cold War in Asia. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230101999_4.
———. 2017. Friedrich Silaban. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Wijaya, Laely. 2008. ‘Masjid Merah Panjunan Cirebon (Kajian Histori-Arkeologis)’. Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. http://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/1536/.
Znews. 2020. ‘Masjid Merah Panjunan, Paduan Budaya Islam, China, Dan Hindu’. Znews.Id. 2020. https://znews.id/2020/05/01/masjid-merah-panjunan-paduan-budaya-islam-china-dan-hindu/#:~:text=Masjid Merah Panjunan ini telah,Hindu-Budha%2C dan China.&text=Dari gerbang%2C tampak ciri khas bangunan mirip wihara atau klenteng.