Konsepsi Jaringan-aktor pada Kampung Seni dan Budaya Jelekong, Bandung
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Apr 1, 2021
Kata Kunci:
Actor-Network Theory, aktor, jaringan heterogen, Kampung Jelekong, seni dan budaya, translasi aksi
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Abstrak
Kampung Jelekong merupakan kampung seni dan budaya di Kecamatan Baleendah, Kabupaten Bandung yang telah dikenal dengan kegiatan pembuatan seni lukis dan kerajinan wayang golek. Selain keberadaan seniman dan kegiatan berkesenian, karakter sebagai kampung seni ternyata juga dibentuk oleh berbagai jalinan aksi dan relasi yang terjadi di antara aktor-aktor sosioteknis. Dengan metode penelitian kualitatif melalui pendekatan ANT (Actor-Network Theory), penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mendeskripsikan karakter seni pada Kampung Jelekong sebagai jaringan sosioteknis heterogen dengan mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis beragam aktor dan aksi yang terjalin. Penelitian dilakukan dengan meninjau lima preposisi konsepsi jaringan-aktor, yakni 1) kehendak aktan, 2) aktor-aktor, 3) komposisi dan translasi aksi, 4) lokalitas jaringan, dan 5) representasi jaringan, untuk mengamati fenomena kemenjadian (becoming) jaringan heterogen yang terbentuk di Kampung Jelekong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam fenomena kemenjadian jaringan Kampung Jelekong dapat diamati beberapa hal, yaitu 1) kehendak seniman untuk melestarikan tradisi; 2) keberadaan agen-agen sosioteknis, seperti berbagai pihak dan sumber daya yang berelasi dengan seniman; 3) relasi kegiatan dan peristiwa berkesenian yang sangat kompleks; 4) pembentukan lingkung seni, misalnya sanggar dan galeri; serta 5) pemaknaan ruang berkesenian bagi seniman sebagai wadah pelestarian seni-budaya dan potensi sumber perekonomian.
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Prasetyo, Eko Bagus, dan Agus Suharjono Ekomadyo. 2021. “Konsepsi Jaringan-Aktor Pada Kampung Seni Dan Budaya Jelekong, Bandung”. ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 6 (1), 5-12. https://doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v6i1.286.
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Referensi
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———. 1990. ‘Techno-Economic Networks and Irreversibility’. The Sociological Review 38 (1_suppl): 132–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.1990.tb03351.x.
Couldry, Nick. 2008. ‘Actor Network Theory and Media: Do They Connect and On What Terms?’ In Connectivity, Networks and Flows: Conceptualizing Contemporary Communications, edited by A Hepp, F. Krotz, S. Moores, and C. Winter, 93–110. Cresskil, NJ, USA: Hampton Press, Inc. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/16380981.pdf.
Darsiharjo, and Ahmad Hudaiby Galihkusumah. 2014. ‘Analisis Rantai Nilai Industri Kreatif Di Desa Wisata Jelekong Kabupaten Bandung’. Jurnal Manajemen Resort & Leisure 11 (1): 35–41. https://doi.org/10.17509/jurel.v11i1.2900.
Ekomadyo, Agus S., and Andhika Riyadi. 2020. ‘Design in Socio-Technical Perspective: An Actor-Network Theory Reflection on Community Project “Kampung Kreatif” in Bandung’. Archives of Design Research 33 (2): 19–37. https://doi.org/10.15187/adr.2020.05.33.2.19.
Ekomadyo, Agus, and Sonny Yuliar. 2015. ‘Social Reassembling as Design Strategies’. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 184 (May): 152–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.05.075.
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Kurniawan, I Made. 2007. ‘Kampung Seni: Tema Metafora Tari Dalam Arsitektur’. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya. https://docplayer.info/65233769-Judul-tugas-akhir-kampung-seni-tema-metafora-tari-dalam-arsitektur.html.
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———. 2005. Reassembling the Social: An Introduction to Actor-Network Theory. Newy York: Oxford University Press. https://www.ufrgs.br/ppgas/portal/arquivos/orientacoes/LATOUR_Bruno._2012.pdf.
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Prasetyo, Eko Bagus, Andrew Cokro Putra, Bima Rahmaputra, and Agus Suharjono Ekomadyo. 2020. ‘Architectural Adaptation Strategy of Shophouses in Jalan Tubagus Ismail, Bandung’. ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 5 (1): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v5i1.72.
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Purbadi, Yohanes Djarot, and Reginaldo Christophori Lake. 2019. ‘Konsep Kampung-Wisata Sejahtera, Kreatif, Cerdas Dan Lestari Berkelanjutan’. EMARA: Indonesian Journal of Architecture 5 (1): 12–23. https://doi.org/10.29080/eija.v5i1.641.
Setiawan, Irvan. 2012. ‘Keberadaan Kampung Seni Jelekong Dalam Menunjang Kebutuhan Ekonomi Rumah Tangga’. Patanjala : Jurnal Penelitian Sejarah Dan Budaya 4 (2): 58–73. https://doi.org/10.30959/patanjala.v4i2.140.
Setiawan, Nisa Amalina, and Farid Hamid U. 2014. ‘Strategi Promosi Dalam Pengembangan Pariwisata Lokal Di Desa Wisata Jelekong’. TRIKONOMIKA 13 (2): 184–94. https://doi.org/10.23969/trikonomika.v13i2.613.
Sumantri, Diaz. 2019. ‘Strategi Pengembangan Desa Wisata Di Kelurahan Jelekong, Kabupaten Bandung’. Jurnal Geografi Lingkungan Tropik 2 (2). https://doi.org/10.7454/jglitrop.v2i2.47.
Wardhani, Saraswati T., Steafni N. Sabatini, Rachmaniatus D., and Tamiya M. S. Kasman. 2016. ‘Identifikasi Kampung Kreatif Sebagai Strategi Kota Tangguh’. In Temu Ilmiah IPLBI 2016: INFRASTRUKTUR WILAYAH KOTA, edited by Gatot Adi Susilo, Putri Herlia Pramitasari, Ghoustanjiwani Adi Putra, Bayu Teguh Ujianto, and Hamka, 15–20. Malang: Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Institut Teknologi Nasional, Malang. https://temuilmiah.iplbi.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/IPLBI2016-B-015-020-Identifikasi-Kampung-Kreatif-sebagai-Strategi-Kota-Tangguh.pdf.
Yuliar, Sonny. 2015. Tata Kelola Teknologi : Perspektif Teori Jaringan-Aktor. 2nd ed. Bandung: ITB Press.
Callon, Michel. 1984. ‘Some Elements of a Sociology of Translation: Domestication of the Scallops and the Fishermen of St Brieuc Bay’. The Sociological Review 32 (1_suppl): 196–233. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.1984.tb00113.x.
———. 1990. ‘Techno-Economic Networks and Irreversibility’. The Sociological Review 38 (1_suppl): 132–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.1990.tb03351.x.
Couldry, Nick. 2008. ‘Actor Network Theory and Media: Do They Connect and On What Terms?’ In Connectivity, Networks and Flows: Conceptualizing Contemporary Communications, edited by A Hepp, F. Krotz, S. Moores, and C. Winter, 93–110. Cresskil, NJ, USA: Hampton Press, Inc. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/16380981.pdf.
Darsiharjo, and Ahmad Hudaiby Galihkusumah. 2014. ‘Analisis Rantai Nilai Industri Kreatif Di Desa Wisata Jelekong Kabupaten Bandung’. Jurnal Manajemen Resort & Leisure 11 (1): 35–41. https://doi.org/10.17509/jurel.v11i1.2900.
Ekomadyo, Agus S., and Andhika Riyadi. 2020. ‘Design in Socio-Technical Perspective: An Actor-Network Theory Reflection on Community Project “Kampung Kreatif” in Bandung’. Archives of Design Research 33 (2): 19–37. https://doi.org/10.15187/adr.2020.05.33.2.19.
Ekomadyo, Agus, and Sonny Yuliar. 2015. ‘Social Reassembling as Design Strategies’. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 184 (May): 152–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.05.075.
IndoMaritim. 2020. ‘Keragaman Budaya Daerah Adalah Kekayaan Budaya Nasional’. IndoMaritim.Id. 2020. https://indomaritim.id/keragaman-budaya-daerah-adalah-kekayaan-budaya-nasional/.
Kurniawan, I Made. 2007. ‘Kampung Seni: Tema Metafora Tari Dalam Arsitektur’. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya. https://docplayer.info/65233769-Judul-tugas-akhir-kampung-seni-tema-metafora-tari-dalam-arsitektur.html.
Latour, Bruno. 1992. ‘Where Are the Missing Masses? The Sociology of a Few Mundane Artifacts’. In Shaping Technology/Building Society: Studies in Sociotechnical Change, edited by W. E. Bijker and John Law, 151–80. London: MIT Press Cambridge. https://www.open.edu/openlearn/ocw/pluginfile.php/877054/mod_resource/content/3/dd308_1_missing_masses.pdf.
———. 1996. ‘On Actor-Network Theory: A Few Clarifications’. Soziale Welt 47 (4): 369–81. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40878163?seq=1.
———. 2005. Reassembling the Social: An Introduction to Actor-Network Theory. Newy York: Oxford University Press. https://www.ufrgs.br/ppgas/portal/arquivos/orientacoes/LATOUR_Bruno._2012.pdf.
Law, John. 2000. ‘Notes on the Theory of the Actor Network: Ordering, Strategy and Heterogeneity’. In Organizational Studies : Critical Perspectives on Business and Management, 2nd ed., 853–68. London: Routledge. https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/fass/resources/sociology-online-papers/papers/law-notes-on-ant.pdf.
Lezaun, Javier. 2017. ‘Actor-Network Theory’. In Social Theory Now, edited by C. Benzecry, M. Krause, and I. Reed, 1–36. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. https://www.academia.edu/34100806/Actor_Network_Theory_Social_Theory_Now_.
Prasetyo, Eko Bagus, Andrew Cokro Putra, Bima Rahmaputra, and Agus Suharjono Ekomadyo. 2020. ‘Architectural Adaptation Strategy of Shophouses in Jalan Tubagus Ismail, Bandung’. ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur 5 (1): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v5i1.72.
Priyatmoko, Heri, and Bambang Purwanto. 2013. ‘Sejarah Sosial Komunitas Seniman Di Kemlayan Surakarta 1930-an-1970-An’. Universitas Gadjah Mada. http://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/62871.
Purbadi, Yohanes Djarot, and Reginaldo Christophori Lake. 2019. ‘Konsep Kampung-Wisata Sejahtera, Kreatif, Cerdas Dan Lestari Berkelanjutan’. EMARA: Indonesian Journal of Architecture 5 (1): 12–23. https://doi.org/10.29080/eija.v5i1.641.
Setiawan, Irvan. 2012. ‘Keberadaan Kampung Seni Jelekong Dalam Menunjang Kebutuhan Ekonomi Rumah Tangga’. Patanjala : Jurnal Penelitian Sejarah Dan Budaya 4 (2): 58–73. https://doi.org/10.30959/patanjala.v4i2.140.
Setiawan, Nisa Amalina, and Farid Hamid U. 2014. ‘Strategi Promosi Dalam Pengembangan Pariwisata Lokal Di Desa Wisata Jelekong’. TRIKONOMIKA 13 (2): 184–94. https://doi.org/10.23969/trikonomika.v13i2.613.
Sumantri, Diaz. 2019. ‘Strategi Pengembangan Desa Wisata Di Kelurahan Jelekong, Kabupaten Bandung’. Jurnal Geografi Lingkungan Tropik 2 (2). https://doi.org/10.7454/jglitrop.v2i2.47.
Wardhani, Saraswati T., Steafni N. Sabatini, Rachmaniatus D., and Tamiya M. S. Kasman. 2016. ‘Identifikasi Kampung Kreatif Sebagai Strategi Kota Tangguh’. In Temu Ilmiah IPLBI 2016: INFRASTRUKTUR WILAYAH KOTA, edited by Gatot Adi Susilo, Putri Herlia Pramitasari, Ghoustanjiwani Adi Putra, Bayu Teguh Ujianto, and Hamka, 15–20. Malang: Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Institut Teknologi Nasional, Malang. https://temuilmiah.iplbi.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/IPLBI2016-B-015-020-Identifikasi-Kampung-Kreatif-sebagai-Strategi-Kota-Tangguh.pdf.
Yuliar, Sonny. 2015. Tata Kelola Teknologi : Perspektif Teori Jaringan-Aktor. 2nd ed. Bandung: ITB Press.