Re-interpreting the case study approach in architectural research
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30822/arteks.v9i1.3195
Kata Kunci:
Bentuk, Fungsi, Makna, Pendekatan studi kasus, Penelitian arsitekturalAbstrak
Studi kasus merupakan pendekatan penelitian yang dilakukan dalam latar alamiah, holistik, dan mendalam tentang sebuah fenomena yang unik dan merupakan best practice dalam bidang keilmuan spesifik. Meski berakar dalam ilmu sosial, namun studi kasus sebenarnya memiliki karakteristik yang hampir serupa dengan studi preseden yang sejak dulu sudah dilakukan dalam arsitektur. Sayangnya, studi preseden kadang hanya dilakukan sebatas dokumentasi dan deskripsi tentang karya arsitektur sebagai benda fisik saja, tanpa analisis kritis, mendalam, holistik mengenai putusan-putusan yang melatarbelakangi keberhasilan maupun putusan desain sebuah preseden. Sedangkan penelitian-penelitian terdahulu yang membahas mengenai studi kasus dalam arsitektur cenderung sekedar memahami studi kasus sebagai sekedar metode penelitian sosial yang begitu saja diterapkan dalam penelitian arsitektur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman utuh dan mendalam mengenai pendekatan studi kasus dalam penelitian arsitektur. Penelitian ini mengkaji dan mengelaborasi literatur tentang studi kasus, baik itu studi kasus dalam penelitian sosial maupun dalam penelitian arsitektur. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa untuk dapat dipahami sebagai pendekatan penelitian yang utuh, pemahaman studi kasus harus berangkat dari definisi yang tepat tentang 'kasus' itu sendiri, yakni isu yang sifatnya unik atau merupakan best practice, dan signifikan untuk bidang keilmuan spesifik. Berlandas pada definisi kasus tersebut, maka penelitian-penelitian arsitektur yang menggunakan, mengadopsi pendekatan studi kasus dapat diposisikan dalam suatu rentang. Mulai dari studi kasus sebagai pendekatan penelitian yang utuh, hingga studi kasus yang sekedar menerapkan metode penelitian sosial semata. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat untuk mengayakan keilmuan arsitektur. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini juga dapat memperbaiki ranah teoretik maupun praktik arsitektur yang ada, serta sekaligus menjadi sumber pengetahuan bagi masyarakat luas.
Unduhan
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